Rails views: .html.haml vs .haml / html.erb vs erb

Normally I use the .haml extension for my views. Today while working on one Rails app I have learned why in some cases one cannot just use .haml.

Given the above controller, if you just use .haml instead of .html.haml every response will be rendered using that .haml template.

Initially I had created app/views/contacts/index.haml for responding to html requests.
After I changed 'repond_to :html' to 'respond_to :html, :json' -- I was confused when I saw an HTML response when fetching '/contacts.json'.

Renaming 'app/views/contacts/index.haml' to index.html.haml' solved the problem, Rails no longer used index.haml to render the JSON response.

Static methods or class methods in Ruby and Python

Today when learning how to define a class method in Ruby I was curious how would I do that in Python. Here I have demonstrated how static/class methods look in these languages.

Ruby

Python